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Neuro & signaling research

PT-141

PT-141, generic name bremelanotide, is a synthetic cyclic peptide that acts as an agonist at melanocortin receptors, principally MC4R. It is a metabolite of the α-MSH analogue melanotan II and is an approved medicine in the United States under a specific indication. VaultLabs supplies PT-141 as a lyophilised reference material for in vitro laboratory research only, not as a medicine.

Research use only. For in vitro research use only. Not for human or animal consumption. Not for human consumption, medical use, or personal application.

Reviewed by VaultLabs Research Editorial Desk · Last updated 2026-08-03

Key facts

  • Generic name bremelanotide; CAS registry number 189691-06-3.
  • A cyclic peptide and a metabolite of melanotan II, differing in that the C-terminal amide of MT-II is replaced by a carboxylic acid.
  • Acts at melanocortin receptors with principal research interest at MC4R.
  • Approved as a prescription medicine in the United States under a specific indication; VaultLabs research material is not that product and is not supplied for human use.
  • Melanocortin-receptor research also examines pigmentation pathways, which is where the structural relationship to melanotan II is most visible.
Chemical name
Bremelanotide (PT-141)
Common synonyms
PT-141, melanocortin receptor agonist peptide
CAS number
189691-06-3
Structural class
Cyclic heptapeptide, α-MSH analogue lineage
Appearance
White lyophilised powder
Catalog strength
10 mg vial

What PT-141 is

PT-141 is a cyclic peptide in the melanocortin family. Its structural lineage runs from α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone through the synthetic analogue melanotan II: PT-141 is a metabolite of MT-II in which the C-terminal amide is replaced by a carboxylic acid. That single change substantially alters the receptor activity profile relative to the parent compound.

Cyclic structure matters analytically. Ring closure constrains conformation, which affects chromatographic behaviour and means that a linear impurity or a ring-opened degradation product is a distinct species worth resolving rather than a trivial variant.

The compound has two names in common use — PT-141 as the development code and bremelanotide as the generic name — and both appear across the literature and in supplier listings. They refer to the same molecule.

Regulatory status and why it needs care

Bremelanotide is an approved prescription medicine in the United States under a specific indication. That fact is easy to misread. It means a particular manufacturer's finished pharmaceutical product, made under pharmaceutical GMP and dispensed on prescription, has marketing authorisation there. It does not mean that research-grade PT-141 is a medicine, and it confers nothing on material supplied for laboratory use.

VaultLabs PT-141 is a research reference material. It is not registered as a medicine in the United Arab Emirates, it is not a pharmaceutical product, and it is not supplied for human or veterinary use. Orders are accepted against a research-use declaration retained in the order record.

Because this compound has visible consumer interest, VaultLabs applies its institutional checks here in full and declines orders that indicate intended human use.

Where the research literature sits

Published work centres on melanocortin receptor pharmacology: binding and functional selectivity across the MC1R–MC5R family, with particular attention to MC4R, and downstream signalling in transfected cell systems. A second strand examines the relationship between the melanocortin system and pigmentation, which is where the shared lineage with melanotan II is most relevant.

For a laboratory buying reference material, the practical applications are analytical: receptor-pharmacology assays, method development, reference standards for detection work, and comparison studies across melanocortin analogues. VaultLabs makes no claims about physiological or clinical effects.

Analytical characterisation and handling

Release is by reversed-phase HPLC against a stated purity specification with a certificate tied to the vial lot number. For cyclic peptides, mass confirmation is a useful complement because ring-opened species can co-elute closely with the intact molecule under some conditions.

Store sealed lyophilised vials at 2–8 °C protected from light and humidity, and equilibrate to room temperature before opening. After reconstitution, prepare working solutions close to the point of use, log the diluent and date, and keep freeze-thaw cycles low.

One characterisation point is specific to this compound. Because PT-141 and melanotan II differ only in the C-terminal group, a lot of one can be mistaken for the other, and the mass difference between them is small relative to the size of the molecule. Laboratories running both should treat unambiguous identification as part of incoming goods handling rather than assuming the label settles it.

How VaultLabs supplies PT-141

The catalog presentation is a 10 mg lyophilised vial carrying a lot identifier that resolves to a published certificate where one has been uploaded for that batch. Stock is held under controlled cold storage before dispatch across the UAE.

Because bremelanotide exists as an approved medicine elsewhere, this is one of the compounds where the difference between a pharmaceutical product and a research reference material is most often misunderstood. VaultLabs states the distinction on the product page, in the invoice classification and in the research-use declaration recorded with the order.

Research interest areas

Melanocortin receptor binding assays

Central vs peripheral signaling models

Receptor selectivity studies

Storage information

2–8 °C (lyophilized, sealed)

2–8 °C sealed cold storage standard for lyophilized research peptides.

Stability notes

Light-sensitive peptide — store protected from UV and ambient light exposure.

Selected literature

Named papers behind the statements on this page. Each entry resolves on PubMed and through its DOI, so you can read the source rather than take our summary of it. Inclusion describes the research record and is not a claim about this material’s suitability for any use.

  1. Bremelanotide: first approval

    Dhillon S, et al. · Drugs · 2019

    Regulatory and pharmacological summary at the point of first approval, in a jurisdiction outside the UAE.

    PubMed 31429064doi:10.1007/s40265-019-01187-w

  2. Targeting the central melanocortin system for the treatment of metabolic disorders

    Sweeney P, et al. · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · 2023

    Receptor-level account of melanocortin subtype selectivity, which is what distinguishes these analogues.

    PubMed 37365323doi:10.1038/s41574-023-00855-y

Databases and verification

Registry and database entries for independent identity checks. These are standing searches rather than fixed records, so they stay current as new work is indexed.

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